EurekAlert! - Policy and Ethics

The premier online source for science news since 1996. A service of the American Association for the Advancement of Science.http://www.eurekalert.org en-usCopyright 2012 by the American Association for the Advancement of ScienceThu, 01 Nov 2012 09:36:03 EDTEurekAlert!http://www.eurekalert.org/images/logo.gifhttp://www.eurekalert.org The premier online source for science news since 1996. A service of the American Association for the Advancement of Science.60webmaster@eurekalert.org (EurekAlert!)(<i>Michigan State University</i>) Hoping to curb Puerto Rico's soaring murder rate, the Justice Department has tapped a renowned team of homicide investigators led by a Michigan State University criminologist to help the island's police force.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2012-11/msu-mtt110112.php Thu, 01 Nov 2012 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2012-11/msu-mtt110112.php(<i>Indiana University</i>) For the second consecutive year, the United States economy managed to underachieve relative to economists' unambitious expectations. Indiana University Kelley School of Business economists are presenting their annual forecast today, Nov. 1, and unfortunately expect more of the same in 2013.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2012-11/iu-ibo103112.php Thu, 01 Nov 2012 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2012-11/iu-ibo103112.php(<i>American Chemical Society</i>) Flame retardants in the polyurethane foam of millions of upholstered sofas, overstuffed chairs and other products have ignited a heated debate over safety, efficacy and fire-safety standards -- and a search for alternative materials. That's the topic of a cover story package in the current edition of Chemical & Engineering News (C&EN), the weekly newsmagazine of ACS, the world's largest scientific society.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2012-10/acs-tco103112.php Wed, 31 Oct 2012 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2012-10/acs-tco103112.php(<i>Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft</i>) German science and industry have joined together to promote collaboration with Indian partners and expand existing contacts. On 27 October 2012 the German House for Research and Innovation opened its doors in New Delhi.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2012-10/df-ood103112.php Wed, 31 Oct 2012 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2012-10/df-ood103112.php(<i>Sugar Nutrition UK</i>) Patients newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes feel "left in the dark" and unsure what they can and can't eat whilst sometimes waiting months to receive diabetes education, according to a new study published online today in the journal Primary Health Care Research & Development.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2012-10/snu-pwd103012.php Wed, 31 Oct 2012 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2012-10/snu-pwd103012.php(<i>European Society of Human Genetics</i>) Companies that are not sharing private clinical databases are hindering genetic diagnosis and may bar the way to the advent of personalized medicine.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2012-10/esoh-pog103012.php Wed, 31 Oct 2012 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2012-10/esoh-pog103012.php(<i>Sam Houston State University</i>) Childhood bullying can lead to long term health consequences, including general and mental health issues, behavioral problems, eating disorders, smoking, alcohol use, and homelessness, a study by the Crime Victims' Institute at Sam Houston State University found.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2012-10/shsu-bhl103012.php Tue, 30 Oct 2012 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2012-10/shsu-bhl103012.php(<i>Indiana University</i>) In a new book, IU professor Mark Dueze takes on the prevailing notion of his peers in media and communications research think -- that the media and its related devices have an effect on us and that the more we use them, the more they shape our lives.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2012-10/iu-ipn102912.php Mon, 29 Oct 2012 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2012-10/iu-ipn102912.php(<i>Louisiana Tech University</i>) Recognizing a national need to eliminate U.S. dependency on foreign oil and reverse large trade deficits driven by oil imports, Jupiter Fuels -- a privately owned startup development company focused on proving the economics of breakthrough natural gas-to-liquid fuel conversion technology -- is capitalizing on nanotechnology energy research taking place at Louisiana Tech University.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2012-10/ltu-nda102912.php Mon, 29 Oct 2012 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2012-10/ltu-nda102912.php(<i>DOE/Oak Ridge National Laboratory</i>) The Oak Ridge National Laboratory launched a new era of scientific supercomputing today with Titan, a system capable of churning through more than 20,000 trillion calculations each second--or 20 petaflops--by employing a family of processors called graphic processing units first created for computer gaming. Titan will be 10 times more powerful than ORNL's last world-leading system, Jaguar.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2012-10/drnl-odt102912.php Mon, 29 Oct 2012 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2012-10/drnl-odt102912.php(<i>JAMA and Archives Journals</i>) A decline in the incidence of myocardial infarction (MI, heart attack) in one Minnesota county appears to be associated with the implementation of smoke-free workplace laws.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2012-10/jaaj-dii102512.php Mon, 29 Oct 2012 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2012-10/jaaj-dii102512.php(<i>Physicians for a National Health Program</i>) Per capita Medicare spending on the elderly has grown nearly three times faster in the United States than in Canada since 1980. After adjusting for inflation, the authors found US Medicare spending per elderly enrollee rose 198.7 percent from 1980 through 2009. In Canada, the comparable figure was 73 percent. Among the reasons: Canada's system has less administrative bloat, uses lump-sum budgets for hospitals, wields single-buyer purchasing power, and has stringent controls on capital spending.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2012-10/pfan-chc102412.php Mon, 29 Oct 2012 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2012-10/pfan-chc102412.php(<i>St. Michael's Hospital</i>) Researchers at St. Michael's Hospital have confirmed what many cyclists in Toronto have long believed - that streetcar tracks are involved in nearly one-third of bicycle accidents.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2012-10/smh-stb102612.php Fri, 26 Oct 2012 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2012-10/smh-stb102612.php(<i>European Space Agency</i>) The one-man Dutch business BlackShore has won the top prize in the European Earth-monitoring competition. The winning project, Cerberus, exploits social media to advance Earth observation applications.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2012-10/esa-esc102612.php Fri, 26 Oct 2012 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2012-10/esa-esc102612.php(<i>American Association for Cancer Research</i>) The American Association for Cancer Research is pleased to announce that Claudia R. Baquet, M.D., M.P.H., will present the third annual 'AACR Distinguished Lecture on The Science of Cancer Health Disparities,' funded by Susan G. Komen for the Cure?.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2012-10/aafc-akf102612.php Fri, 26 Oct 2012 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2012-10/aafc-akf102612.php(<i>Inderscience Publishers</i>) A new computer algorithm can analyze the footwear marks left at a crime scene according to clusters of footwear types, makes and tread patterns even if the imprint recorded by crime scene investigators is distorted or only a partial print.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2012-10/ip-ff102612.php Fri, 26 Oct 2012 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2012-10/ip-ff102612.php(<i>University of East Anglia</i>) More must be done to develop energy efficient cars, buildings and domestic appliances to address climate change - according to new University of East Anglia research. Twice as much effort is spent developing energy supply technologies, such as new power stations, as is spent improving the efficiency with which energy is used. Efficient end-use technologies have the potential to contribute large emission reductions and provide higher social returns on investment, so the imbalance must be redressed.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2012-10/uoea-etm102212.php Fri, 26 Oct 2012 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2012-10/uoea-etm102212.php(<i>Case Western Reserve University</i>) Men and women could soon have the option to change the course of human evolution through genetic engineering. In his newly published book, Maxwell J. Mehlman examines potential challenges to law and bioethics. Transhumanist Dreams and Dystopian Nightmares: The Promise and Peril of Genetic Engineering (Johns Hopkins University Press) is about balancing advances in "evolutionary engineering" with caution.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2012-10/cwru-cmj102512.php Thu, 25 Oct 2012 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2012-10/cwru-cmj102512.php(<i>University of Toronto</i>) It's time to end the nature versus nurture debate and embrace growing evidence that it's the interaction between biology and environment that influences human development. One study in a recent special edition of the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences by evolutionary biologists at the University of Toronto using fruit flies showed that food deprivation and lack of adequate nutrition in early life had significant impact on adult behavior and quality of life.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2012-10/uot-uot102512.php Thu, 25 Oct 2012 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2012-10/uot-uot102512.php(<i>University of Helsinki</i>) ForcePhone is a mobile synchronous haptic communication system. During phone calls, users can squeeze the side of the device and the pressure level is mapped to vibrations on the recipient's device. Computer scientists from University of Helsinki indicate that an additional haptic channel of communication can be integrated into mobile phone calls using a pressure to vibrotactile mapping with local and remote feedback. The pressure/vibrotactile messages supported by ForcePhone are called pressages.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2012-10/uoh-ntm102512.php Thu, 25 Oct 2012 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2012-10/uoh-ntm102512.php(<i>National Academy of Sciences</i>) The case of six Italian scientists sentenced to be jailed for failing to warn of the L'Aquila earthquake in Italy in 2009 highlights the difficult task facing scientists in dealing with risk communication and uncertainty.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2012-10/naos-una102512.php Thu, 25 Oct 2012 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2012-10/naos-una102512.php(<i>Sam Houston State University</i>) Sam Houston State University received a federal grant from the National Institute of Justice to create a test for key components of bath salts in biological samples in crime labs.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2012-10/shsu-shs102512.php Thu, 25 Oct 2012 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2012-10/shsu-shs102512.php(<i>University of Copenhagen</i>) All over the planet, people are fighting to save animals and plants from extinction - even though many species have no utilitarian value for us. In a new book, University of Copenhagen theologian Jakob Wolf takes up this aspect of the climate debate in the context of a religious ethic that spans cultures and religions.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2012-10/uoc-tmv102512.php Thu, 25 Oct 2012 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2012-10/uoc-tmv102512.php(<i>Elsevier Health Sciences</i>) Clinical drug trials are a vital part of pharmaceutical manufacturers gaining approval for use by the US Food and Drug Administration. A Commentary scheduled for publication in the Journal of Pediatrics assesses the issues surrounding the lack of clinical trials on medications used by children, most notably neonates, and how drug manufacturers and academic researchers could work together to create clinical trials that would benefit this underrepresented population.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2012-10/ehs-ecf102212.php Thu, 25 Oct 2012 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2012-10/ehs-ecf102212.php(<i>Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health</i>) A new report by researchers at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health examines policies and initiatives for reducing gun violence in the US by reforming current gun policies. The report is a synthesis of prior research and analysis conducted by researchers with the Johns Hopkins Center for Gun Policy and Research.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2012-10/jhub-rhi101812.php Thu, 25 Oct 2012 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2012-10/jhub-rhi101812.php

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